What to do if your dog keeps scratching its ears

If your dog keeps scratching its ears, it's important not to ignore the behavior. While an occasional itch is normal, persistent scratching can indicate an underlying problem that needs attention.

Dogs may scratch their ears for various reasons, but one of the most common is an ear infection. These infections can be caused by bacteria, yeast, or even mites, and they often lead to discomfort, redness, odor, and sometimes a dark discharge. In some cases, the dog may tilt its head, shake it frequently, or cry out when the area is touched, signaling pain or irritation.

Another potential cause is allergies. Dogs, like humans, can have allergic reactions to environmental factors such as pollen, mold, dust mites, or even certain foods. When allergies affect the ears, the resulting inflammation can cause intense itching and lead the dog to scratch repeatedly. If left untreated, this can damage the skin and increase the risk of secondary infections.

Foreign objects, like grass seeds or dirt, can also get lodged in the ear canal, leading to irritation. Additionally, excessive wax buildup or moisture—especially after baths or swimming—can create a perfect environment for infections to develop. Certain breeds with floppy ears, such as Cocker Spaniels or Basset Hounds, are more prone to ear issues due to limited airflow and trapped moisture.

If your dog continues scratching its ears, it's essential to schedule a veterinary consultation. A veterinarian can examine the ear canal with an otoscope, take samples for cytology, and determine whether there's an infection, allergy, or other issue.

Treatment will depend on the cause but may include medicated ear drops, antibiotics, antifungal medication, or anti-inflammatory drugs. Cleaning the ears properly—using a solution recommended by your vet—is often part of the treatment plan. However, it’s important not to use cotton swabs or home remedies without guidance, as these can worsen the problem.

In summary, chronic ear scratching should always be taken seriously. Early diagnosis and treatment can prevent complications, reduce your dog’s discomfort, and protect their hearing.

References

Nuttall, T. & Halliwell, R. (2001). Update on canine otitis externa. In Practice, 23(10), 604–613.

August, J.R. (1988). Otitis externa: Aetiology and clinical management. Compendium on Continuing Education for the Practicing Veterinarian, 10(4), 417–428.