Home care tips for dogs recovering from orthopedic surgery

Caring for a dog recovering from orthopedic surgery at home can be a challenging yet deeply rewarding experience. While the procedure itself may have been complex, it is the post-operative period that plays a crucial role in determining the final outcome. During this time, your dog will rely heavily on your attention, patience, and commitment to help them regain mobility, reduce discomfort, and avoid complications.

Creating a calm, clean, and comfortable environment is essential. Most veterinarians recommend confining your dog to a small area, away from stairs, slippery floors, or other pets that may unintentionally cause harm. Crate rest, though difficult for both dog and owner, is often necessary to protect the surgical site and limit movement during the critical healing phase.

Pain management is another fundamental aspect. Your veterinarian will likely prescribe medications to control pain and inflammation. It’s important to follow the prescribed dosage strictly and never attempt to adjust it on your own, even if your dog appears to be improving.

In many cases, dogs instinctively hide pain, and discontinuing medication prematurely can lead to setbacks. If you notice signs of discomfort—such as whining, panting, restlessness, or lack of appetite—contact your vet promptly.

Additionally, make sure your dog is wearing any protective devices, such as an Elizabethan collar, to prevent licking or chewing at the incision site. Even a small disruption to the sutures can result in infection or delayed healing.

Maintaining the cleanliness of the surgical wound is critical. Avoid bathing your dog or allowing the incision to get wet unless explicitly permitted by your veterinarian. Check the wound daily for any signs of redness, swelling, discharge, or an unpleasant odor.

These could indicate an infection that needs immediate attention. If your dog has a bandage or splint, monitor for signs of irritation, such as licking the area excessively, or changes in color or temperature of the limb below the bandage.

Nutrition also plays a vital role in recovery. Ensure your dog receives a balanced diet rich in protein and nutrients that support tissue regeneration. Some dogs may have a reduced appetite after surgery, so offering smaller, more frequent meals or warming the food slightly can help stimulate their interest. Hydration is equally important; always keep fresh water within easy reach.

Physical rehabilitation may be introduced as early as a few days after surgery, depending on your dog’s condition and the procedure performed.

Passive range-of-motion exercises, cold or warm compresses, and short leash walks can aid in circulation and joint flexibility. However, any rehabilitation activity should be approved by your veterinarian or a certified canine physiotherapist. Avoid any form of jumping, running, or rough play until your veterinarian confirms full recovery.

Ultimately, emotional support is just as important as physical care. Your dog may feel vulnerable, confused, or even anxious during recovery. Spending quiet time together, speaking in a calm tone, and offering gentle petting can reassure them and strengthen your bond.

Patience is key. Every dog heals at their own pace, and setbacks may occur. But with consistent care, clear communication with your veterinary team, and dedication to following the recovery plan, most dogs make excellent progress and return to an active, pain-free life.

References

Millis, D. L., & Levine, D. (2014). Canine Rehabilitation and Physical Therapy. Elsevier Health Sciences.Fossum, T. W. (2018). Small Animal Surgery (5th ed.). Elsevier.

About the autor

Felipe Garofallo is a veterinarian in Brazil, specialized in orthopedic and neurosurgical care for dogs and cats.

He is also the founder of Ortho for Pets – Veterinary Orthopedics and Specialties.